Astm d4644 standard test method for slake durability of. The slake durability test was carried out for the samples listed in table 1 by using the standard testing method developed by franklin and chandra 1972 and recommended by the international society for rock mechanics and standardized by the american society for testing and materials. How to do the slake test ray archuleta, an agronomist with the usda natural resources conservation service with a passion for soil health, has done the slake test scores of times. Astm d4644 16 standard test method for slake durability.
The following materials are required to perform the slake durability test. Jul 24, 2017 mine 323determination of slake durability index lab 2 duration. Results of the durability tests are correlated with behavior based on test results from control and record sampling during the last two years. The test is repeated and the wear is given by the loss of weight in the sample. Fractal analysis of the slake durability test canadian. This test method covers the determination of the slake durability index of a shale or other weak rock after three drying and two wetting cycles with abrasion effects. Ah ak anchorage, ak september 19, 2011 modified slake. The ends shall be rigid plates, with one removable end. Slake durability index test is being widely used to determine the disintegration characteristics of the weak rocks when they are subjected to drying and wetting cycles. This equipment has been developed to assess the durability of rock to weakening and disintegration when subjected to the simulated effects of climatic slaking. Simulation of sandstone degradation using largescale slake. D464416 standard test method for slake durability of shales and other similar weak rocks abrasion resistance drying slake durability test weak rocks.
Wms 106 ankara determination of slake durability index iop. Is100501981method for determination of slake durability index of rocks. A test is described that measures the resistance of a rock sample to weakening and disintegration resulting from a standard cycle of drying and wetting. Slake durability apparatus supports the following standards. The slake durability test, first proposed by franklin and chandra 1972, is a test intended to assess the resistance offered by a rock sample to weakening and disintegration when subject to one or several cycles of drying and wetting. The slake durability index test accomplished according to standards astm d464408 4. Civil and environmental engineering, school of mining and petroleum engineering 1,849 views 9. Aug 05, 2019 astm d 16 standard test method for slake durability of shales and other similar weak rocks a primary example is the franklin rating system 1. The morphological changing of the rock samples was observed.
The slake test compares two chunks of topsoil in water to see how well and how long they will hold. Durability is the ability of a physical product to remain functional, without requiring excessive maintenance or repair, when faced with the challenges of normal operation over its design lifetime. The test techniques specified include the 10% fines aggregate crushing value 10%fact which is a wet and dry crushing test, the durability mill index sampson and netterberg, 1989, which is a wet abrasion and impact test and a water soaking disintegration test. The drums rotate at a speed of 20 rpm for a period of 10 minutes in a water bath. These are capable of revolving two or four corrosion resistant specimen test drums at 20 rpm. The utr0800 slake durability apparatus consists of a motorized drive unit which is mounted on a baseplate and which can rotate two or four drums at a speed of 20 r. The slakedurability test suggested by franklin and chandra 1972 is applicable only to sedimentary rocks.
Test results are expressed as a slakedurability index for each particular rock. Astm d4644 16 standard test method for slake durability of. The profiles of the rock fragments experienced changes during the test as a result of saturation and abrasioninduced stresses. It can be said that sdi has become an important engineering parameter, and it is used extensively in literature in order to determine the durability of. The slake durability index sdi test is widely used to determine the disintegration characteristic of the weak and claybearing rocks in geoengineering problems. For instance, failure during transportation is a common problem and testing at the early stages of product development can help to ensure quality. The rock samples are dried and then submitted to wear stress inside a drum which is rotated in water. Astm d4644 08 standard test method for slake durability of. Preparation and evaluation of spherical samples for slake. Conducted properly, environmental and durability testing can help you minimize risk from warranty, insurance and damage claims by detecting design flaws early. For basic crystalline materials in particular, only. Durability assessment of weak rock by using jar slaking test. This test is done to find out the resistance offered by a rock sample to weakening and disintegration when subjected to two standard cycles of drying and wetting in a slaking fluid usually water. Tap water was used as a slaking fluid and each sample was subjected three cycles.
The slake durability index astm d464408 measures the response of rock fragments to submerged tumbling action. Slake durability was chosen as a representative measurement of durability because a the. Geotesting express is a provider of rock testing services astm d, standard test method for slake durability of shales and similar weak rocks. The test method, including the use of alternate testing tires, is described in astm d3319 and aashto t 279, as well as some european standards. Anyone can do it, he says, and he predicts it will open your eyes. During the slake durability test, conducted in accordance with astm procedure d4644 astm, 2004, the portion of sample retained inside the 2 mm mesh drum consists of slaked fragments of varying dimensions. The slakedurability test is regarded as a simple test for assessing weathering of rocks. Prediction of longterm slake durability of claybearing rocks. Slake durability and mineralogical properties of some. In the test standards, samples are recommended to have rounded or close to spherical shape. Sieve mesh forms the walls of the drums with openings of 2 mm. Slake durability test slake durability index astm d4644 is defined as the percentage by dry mass of a collection of shale pieces retained on a 2 00 mm no 10 sieve after two cycles of oven drying and 10 minutes of2.
Astm d 16 standard test method for slake durability of shales and other similar weak rocks a primary example is the franklin rating system 1. Correlation of the test results and the known behavior of aggregates in use for many years looks very promising. A slake durability classification after franklin and chandra 1972 was given. A test to estimate the resistance of rocks, particularly argillaceous rocks, to a combination of wetting and abrasion. This simple test has been accepted as a standard test. In addition the electronic files may not be downloaded or distributed elsewhere over computer networks or otherwise. Slake durability is a qualitative test for softerweaker rocks such as shale, so it is not often used to test aggregates under consideration for concrete or asphalt mix designs.
The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inchpound units, which are provided for. Astm d464416 red standard test method for slake durability. Fragments of siltstone were subjected to the slake durability test. Astm d4644 the slake durability apparatus is used to determine the durability of rocks and the probable amount of deterioration of weak rocks, over a period of time, after simulated exposure to natures continual wetting and drying cycles. The index is determined by a standard drying and wetting cycle test. The slake durability index test has been used as a simple laboratory test for assessing the influence of weathering on rock and its disintegration due to its fastness and easiness in application, simplicity and low cost. Slake durability of shales and similar weak rocks1 this standard is. Modified slake durability test for erodible rock material henry. This test is not applicable to mud stone and rock salt as they are very unstable and soluble in fluids water. In addition the electronic files may not be downloaded or distributed elsewhere over computer networks or. The jar slake test is a visual observationbased immersion test used to qualitatively assess the durability of shale. Slake durability of a deep red stratum sandstone under.
It consists of two drums 100 mm long and 140 mm in diameter, containing about 500g of rocks 10 lumps in each drum. The tank assemblies are filled with water to a level 20 mm below the drum axis. Slake test the slake test measures the stability of soil when exposed to rapid wetting. Aug 12, 20 slake durability test apparatus reference. Large number of laboratory tests conducted to understand the durability of the lower oligocene limestones.
The related standards suggest using the second cycle slake durability index id 2 in the assessment of slaking. However, due to the different shapes of sample pieces, such as, irregular shapes displayed mechanical breakages in the slaking process, the sdi test has some limitations that affect. In order to study the slake durability under different environmental conditions, the following tests are carried out. Correlation between slake durability and rock properties for some carbonate rocks article pdf available in bulletin of engineering geology and the environment 703. It can be said that sdi has become an important engineering parameter, and it is used extensively in literature in order to determine the durability of the rocks, especially weak and clay bearing rocks. Slake durability index material testing equipment dimensions weight approx. The profiles of the fragments were evaluated before and after the test using fractal analysis. This test is qualitative and should be measured on airdried soil fragments or aggregates. Mine 323determination of slakedurability index lab 2 duration. Determination of slake durability index sdi values on. Slake durability index utest malzeme test cihazlar. The possible improvement of the modified jar slake test as a predictor of durability was measured by plot ting standard and jar slake values against slake durabil ity values for all 50 samples using slake durability data from santi, 1995b. Although the test is relatively rapid and easy to perform, the results are.
The main purpose of this slake durability test is to evaluate the weathering resistance of shales, mudstones, siltstones and other claybearing rocks. Drum constructed for largescaled slake durability test. Test results are expressed as a slake durability index for each particular rock. Astm d464416 standard test method for slake durability of. Pdf modeled mechanisms in the slakedurability test for soft rocks. The slake durability test apparatus is shown in figure 2. Slake durability apparatus sample preparation utest. A good index test of rock degradability is the slake. The jar slaking test was found to be more suitable to measure durability of weak rock especially in highly weathered grade iv and completely weathered grade v states as compared to slake durability index id1 or id2 which was found to be unsuitable to test the durability of such weak rock. Request pdf preparation and evaluation of spherical samples for slake durability index test slake durability index test is being widely used to determine the disintegration characteristics of.
Jun 18, 2018 maximum 4 drums can be used simultaneously to improve testing productivity complete with display showing the residual testing time 10 minutes as per astm indications transparent water tanks with. Astm, 2004 suggest using the second cycle slake durability results for determining the slake durability index. The slake durability test was suggested as a standard test for rocks by 5 and also became an astm standard 6. The main purpose of this slakedurability test is to evaluate the weathering resistance of shales, mudstones, siltstones and other claybearing rocks. In this study, a new method called as pasha method was proposed and applied to prepare equalsized spherical samples. Maximum 4 drums can be used simultaneously to improve testing productivity complete with display showing the residual testing time 10 minutes as.
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